{"id":10560,"date":"2026-04-05T09:28:18","date_gmt":"2026-04-05T09:28:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/?p=10560"},"modified":"2026-04-05T09:34:35","modified_gmt":"2026-04-05T09:34:35","slug":"%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/?p=10560","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10560\" class=\"elementor elementor-10560\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d979aa5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d979aa5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce447a8\" data-id=\"ce447a8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-520683c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"520683c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"margin-inline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'Segoe UI Historic', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: #080809; font-size: 15px;\"><div dir=\"auto\" style=\"font-family: inherit;\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629<\/div><\/div><div style=\"margin-inline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; margin-top: 0.5em; font-family: 'Segoe UI Historic', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: #080809; font-size: 15px;\"><div dir=\"auto\" style=\"font-family: inherit; 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text-align: start;\"><div dir=\"auto\">\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/div><div dir=\"auto\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 :<\/div><div dir=\"auto\"><span style=\"margin-inline: 0px; text-align: inherit; padding-inline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; font-family: inherit;\"><a style=\"outline: none; border-inline-width: 0px; margin-inline: 0px; text-align: inherit; border-inline-style: none; padding-inline: 0px; font-weight: 600; list-style-type: none; display: inline; padding-bottom: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; font-family: inherit;\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\" href=\"https:\/\/moodle.univ-chlef.dz\/ar\/course\/view.php?id=6234&amp;fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAYnJpZBExZTFIZWh2b255VndKMHhidnNydGMGYXBwX2lkEDIyMjAzOTE3ODgyMDA4OTIAAR77CCt6dHAYZfILj5N_-KUSA85ioXrgiZeEUa68dAO90D9KlUvRYMCsBu49UQ_aem_VwjByoNWJD0OGRDxMCk5yg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/moodle.univ-chlef.dz\/ar\/course\/view.php?id=6234<\/a><\/span><\/div><div dir=\"auto\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 :<\/div><div dir=\"auto\"><span style=\"margin-inline: 0px; text-align: inherit; padding-inline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; font-family: inherit;\"><a style=\"outline: none; border-inline-width: 0px; margin-inline: 0px; text-align: inherit; border-inline-style: none; padding-inline: 0px; font-weight: 600; list-style-type: none; display: inline; padding-bottom: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; font-family: inherit;\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\" href=\"https:\/\/moodle.univ-chlef.dz\/ar\/course\/view.php?id=6643&amp;fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAYnJpZBExZTFIZWh2b255VndKMHhidnNydGMGYXBwX2lkEDIyMjAzOTE3ODgyMDA4OTIAAR5WHlIFDw2Obvn1iVuIFGWkovCvFLAU8RvOt7gTPC9jpqSHQdmz0aaegqHgqQ_aem_VobM28o2PvOfH9AhBWYIYQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/moodle.univ-chlef.dz\/ar\/course\/view.php?id=6643<\/a><\/span><\/div><div dir=\"auto\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a :<\/div><div dir=\"auto\"><span style=\"margin-inline: 0px; text-align: inherit; padding-inline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; font-family: inherit;\"><a style=\"outline: none; border-inline-width: 0px; margin-inline: 0px; text-align: inherit; border-inline-style: none; padding-inline: 0px; font-weight: 600; list-style-type: none; display: inline; padding-bottom: 0px; border-top-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; touch-action: manipulation; font-family: inherit;\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\" href=\"https:\/\/moodle.univ-chlef.dz\/ar\/course\/view.php?id=5482&amp;fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAYnJpZBExZTFIZWh2b255VndKMHhidnNydGMGYXBwX2lkEDIyMjAzOTE3ODgyMDA4OTIAAR4w42hnX0f0P9Y1b6__vsOOg7OpFQbETyBktaOId7roiBTRViKeHoTp0M5e0g_aem_UFbZt7_iTUk1BWJLW4OgUA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/moodle.univ-chlef.dz\/ar\/course\/view.php?id=5482<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><div dir=\"auto\" style=\"font-family: inherit; text-align: start;\">\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 <br \/>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f :<\/div><div dir=\"auto\" style=\"font-family: inherit; 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<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/?p=10560\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":10558,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[113,117,137],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10560","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-113","category-117","category-137","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10560","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10560"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10560\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10568,"href":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10560\/revisions\/10568"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ieps.univ-chlef.dz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}